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Category: Beatmaking
The Allure of Ghost Kicks: The Hidden Star of Hip-Hop Beats
In the world of hip-hop beatmaking, there are various techniques, but today we’ll focus on a special method called “ghost kicks.” Ghost kicks are an important element that adds depth and complexity to beats. Let’s take a closer look at their meaning and how to use them.
What are Ghost Kicks?
Ghost kicks refer to additional kick drums placed between the main kick drums, with reduced volume. They are typically set at a lower volume than the main kicks and serve to add subtle movement and tension to the beat.
Effects of Ghost Kicks
- Enhances rhythmic complexity
- Increases the beat’s dynamism
- Adds musical depth
- Strengthens groove
How to Create Ghost Kicks
- Proper placement: Place ghost kicks between main kicks, typically on 16th or 32nd note timings.
- Volume adjustment: Generally, set the volume of ghost kicks to about 30-50% of the main kick.
- Sound selection: Use the same sound as the main kick or choose a lighter sound for different effects.
- EQ adjustment: Slightly reducing the low frequencies can help avoid interference with the main kick.
- Pattern experimentation: Try various placement patterns to find the groove that fits the song.
Points to Note
- Be careful not to overuse: Ghost kicks are most effective when used sparingly.
- Balance with main kicks: Be careful not to disrupt the overall mix balance.
- Genre-appropriate use: Remember that usage frequency varies depending on the sub-genre of hip-hop.
Ghost kicks are an excellent tool for elevating your beat-making skills to the next level. Keep practicing and create your own unique sound.
7 Ways to Improve Flat Drums in Hip-Hop Beatmaking
In hip-hop beatmaking, drums are a crucial element that can be considered the heart of the track. However, sometimes drums can sound flat, diminishing the overall appeal of the song. Here are seven methods to improve flat-sounding drums:
1. Check the Swing
Swing is an important element that adds a human feel and dynamism to the beat.
- Generally, 16th note swing is effective, but adjustment is necessary depending on the song’s style.
- You can use the swing function in your DAW or manually adjust note positions.
- Adding swing can soften the mechanical impression and create a more natural groove.
2. Reconsider the Sequence Itself
Rethinking how you construct drum patterns can often improve a flat impression.
- Avoid monotonous patterns and add variation.
- Add ghost notes and ornamental sounds to give depth to the rhythm.
- Layering different drum sounds can also effectively increase the thickness of the sound.
3. Check Volume Levels
If the balance of each drum sound is not appropriate, it can give an overall flat impression.
- Set appropriate volumes for main sounds like kicks and snares.
- Adjust decorative sounds like hi-hats and percussion so they don’t interfere with the main sounds.
- Varying velocity can create a more natural playing feel.
4. Review Sample Selection
- Use higher quality drum samples
- Try different drum kits or sample packs
5. Utilize EQ and Compression
- Use EQ to remove unnecessary frequencies and emphasize important ones
- Adjust attack and release with compression to shape the drums
- Use parallel compression to add punch
6. Saturation and Distortion
- Add moderate distortion to give thickness and warmth to the sound
- Use plugins like tape saturation
7. Add Reverb and Delay
- Use spatial effects to give depth to the drums
- Use as send effects and adjust the dry/wet balance
By keeping these seven methods in mind when adjusting drums, you can improve the flat impression and create hip-hop beats with more groove. It’s important to always listen carefully and make fine adjustments. Also, analyzing the drum sounds of tracks you want to reference and incorporating their techniques can be effective. Happy beatmaking!
The Difference Between Master Track and Master Bus
Master track and master bus are closely related, but there are several important differences. Below, we explain the main differences between the two.
Main Differences Between Master Track and Master Bus
1. Definition and Concept
Master Track:
- A specific, visualized track within the DAW.
- A single track where all audio signals in the project ultimately converge.
Master Bus:
- A conceptual term representing the signal path (routing).
- Refers to the output bus (channel) to which all tracks and subgroups are ultimately sent.
2. Display and Operation
Master Track:
- Clearly displayed in the DAW’s track view.
- Can be directly manipulated and edited like other tracks.
Master Bus:
- Not necessarily visually displayed in the DAW.
- Based on the concept of a mixing console, representing the flow of signals.
3. Function and Usage
Master Track:
- Manages global settings for the entire project such as tempo, time signature, and markers.
- Used for applying effects, adjusting volume, and fine-tuning the final mix-down.
Master Bus:
- Primarily focuses on signal routing and overall processing.
- The place to apply processing that affects the entire mix (EQ, compression, etc.).
4. Treatment in Software
Master Track:
- Clearly defined in most DAW software and treated as a track with special functions.
Master Bus:
- In some DAWs, master track and master bus may be treated essentially the same.
- A term derived from analog mixing concepts, used in both digital and analog contexts.
5. Usage Context
Master Track:
- A term mainly referred to in digital music production, especially when using DAWs.
Master Bus:
- A broader audio term used in analog equipment and live sound as well.
Conclusion
In actual music production, these terms may be used interchangeably, but strictly speaking, there are differences as mentioned above. In many modern DAWs, the master track often doubles as the master bus, blurring the boundaries between the two. The important thing is to understand the concept of overall signal flow and control of the final output.
Differences Between Audio Systems and Sound Systems
While the terms “audio system” and “sound system” are often used interchangeably, there are subtle differences between them. Here are the main distinctions:
1. Scope and Scale
Audio Systems:
- Typically refer to home or personal audio equipment
- Relatively small-scale, focusing on personal music listening and entertainment
Sound Systems:
- Often include more extensive and large-scale audio equipment
- Cover large venues like live events, concert halls, and movie theaters
2. Applications
Audio Systems:
- Mainly used for music playback and home entertainment
- Often emphasize high-quality audio reproduction, such as Hi-Fi audio
Sound Systems:
- Include music playback, voice amplification, and sound effect control
- Cater to more diverse uses like live performances, public announcements, and theater acoustics
3. Components
Audio Systems:
- Typically consist of basic components like CD players, amplifiers, and speakers
Sound Systems:
- Include audio system components plus more diverse and specialized equipment such as mixers, equalizers, various effects processors, and microphone systems
4. Level of Expertise
Audio Systems:
- Often include consumer-oriented products that are relatively easy to use
Sound Systems:
- More likely to include professional-grade equipment requiring specialized knowledge
Summary
While there is significant overlap between audio systems and sound systems, sound systems tend to encompass a broader range of more specialized applications. However, these terms are often used flexibly depending on the context, and strict distinctions are not always made.
What’s the difference between Instrumental Hip-Hop and Hip-Hop Instrumentals?
Instrumental Hip-Hop and Hip-Hop Instrumentals are very similar concepts, but there are subtle differences. The main difference between the two lies in their origins and production intentions.
Instrumental Hip-Hop
Instrumental Hip-Hop is primarily characterized by:
- Independent genre: A music genre created from the start without vocals.
- Production intent: Made for listening, not necessarily for rappers.
- Musicality: Tends to be more experimental and incorporates various musical elements.
- Artists: Representative artists include DJ Shadow, RJD2, and Nujabes.
Hip-Hop Instrumentals
On the other hand, Hip-Hop Instrumentals are:
- Derivative: Vocals removed from existing hip-hop tracks, or instrumental versions of tracks made for rappers.
- Production intent: Mainly intended for rappers to use for freestyle or practice.
- Musicality: Maintains typical hip-hop structure and has space intended for vocals.
- Usage examples: DJ mixes, karaoke versions, remix materials, etc.
Summary
While the differences are subtle, Instrumental Hip-Hop is a more artistic and independent genre, whereas Hip-Hop Instrumentals are closely related to existing hip-hop tracks. However, these boundaries are sometimes blurred, and many artists create works that incorporate elements of both.
What’s the difference between volume and gain?
In music production, volume and gain are important concepts that may seem similar but are actually different. Understanding the difference between the two is essential for quality music production. Below, we explain the characteristics and differences of each in detail.
Volume
Volume is the final stage control for adjusting the loudness of sound.
Characteristics:
- Positioned at the end of the signal chain
- Determines the final volume heard by the listener
- Measured in decibels (dB)
- Changes the loudness of sound without affecting sound quality
Usage examples:
- Adjusting track balance during mixing
- Adjusting overall volume during mastering
- Adjusting playback volume to suit the listening environment
Gain
Gain is a control that amplifies or attenuates the strength or amplitude of a signal.
Characteristics:
- Applied at an early stage in the signal chain
- Changes the strength of the input signal
- Measured in decibels (dB)
- Can potentially affect the characteristics and quality of the signal
Usage examples:
- Amplifying input signal in microphone preamps
- Adjusting signal level before effect processing such as compressors and equalizers
- Adjusting the intensity of overdrive or distortion effects
Main differences:
Application stage:
- Gain: Applied early in the signal chain
- Volume: Applied at the end of the signal chain
Impact on sound quality:
- Gain: Can potentially change signal characteristics
- Volume: Usually does not affect sound quality
Purpose:
- Gain: Optimizes signal strength and provides appropriate input level for subsequent processing
- Volume: Adjusts final output level and balances overall sound
In music production, properly using gain and volume can create clear and powerful music. The general workflow is to optimize signal strength with gain and then adjust the final volume balance with volume controls.
Do Phase Issues Occur in Stereo or Mono?
Do Phase Issues Occur in Stereo or Mono?
Phase issues can occur in both stereo and mono, but their manifestation and impact differ. Below is a detailed explanation of phase issues in both scenarios.
Phase Issues in Mono
Even in mono (single channel), phase issues can occur.
Situations where it occurs:
- Recording with multiple microphones
- Combining signals with different processing applied to the same sound source
- Use of effect processing (especially delay and reverb)
Impact:
- Cancellation of specific frequencies (comb filter effect)
- Thinness or hollowness in sound
- Overall decrease in volume
Phase Issues in Stereo
In stereo (2 channels), in addition to mono problems, phase issues can also occur between left and right channels.
Situations where it occurs:
- Improper use of stereo miking techniques
- Excessive use of stereo effects
- Time or phase differences between left and right channels
Impact:
- Distortion of stereo image
- Reduced mono compatibility
- Imbalance in specific frequencies between left and right
- Unnatural sound localization in surround systems
Stereo-Specific Issues
Mono Compatibility
When converting a stereo mix to mono, phase issues between left and right channels can become prominent.
Example:
If left and right channels are completely out of phase, the sound may completely disappear when converted to mono.
Countermeasures:
- Proper microphone placement
- Use of phase alignment tools
- Checking mono compatibility
- Careful use of stereo effects
- Utilization of M/S (Mid/Side) processing techniques
While phase issues occur in both mono and stereo, they can cause more complex problems in stereo. In music production and audio engineering, it’s important to consider both cases and apply appropriate processing and verification.
The Basics of Audio: Sampling Rate, Bit Depth, and Bitrate
Introduction
Audio, as the name suggests, refers to “sound.” In the digital world, sound information is stored as audio files. There are various formats for audio files, such as WAV, AIFF, FLAC, ALAC, MP3, and AAC.
Audio Basics
AD Conversion (Analog to Digital Conversion)
The process of converting and saving analog sound to digital format is called sampling or AD conversion. When converting to digital format, the analog waveform is read and replaced with 0s and 1s.
DA Conversion (Digital to Analog Conversion)
To listen to digital audio, it needs to be converted back to analog format. This process is called DA conversion. The sound you hear from speakers or headphones is the sound converted from digital to analog.
What is Sampling Rate?
Sampling rate is the number of times per second that an analog signal is converted (sampled) to digital data. The unit used is Hz (Hertz). The CD format has a sampling rate of 44.1kHz, which means it samples the audio 44,100 times per second.
What is Bit Depth?
Bit depth represents the number of levels used to reproduce the sound volume from silence to maximum volume. The CD format uses 16 bits, which means it can represent 65,536 levels of volume difference. The higher the bit depth, the more precisely the volume can be represented.
The Difference Between 16-bit and 24-bit
The difference between 16-bit and 24-bit may not be noticeable for loud music, but it can be perceived for very quiet sounds. 24-bit can represent small volume changes more precisely than 16-bit.
The Relationship Between Bit Depth and Dynamic Range
The human ear is said to have the ability to hear a dynamic range of 120dB. 16-bit can represent a dynamic range of 96dB, while 24-bit can represent 144dB. For music with drastic volume differences, such as classical music, 24-bit is more suitable.
Calculating Bitrate
Bitrate can be calculated by multiplying the sampling rate by the bit depth and the number of channels. The bitrate of a CD-format WAV file is 1411.2kbps.
The Present and Future of Audio
Currently, 96kHz/24-bit audio is popular in the DTM (Desktop Music) world. While this provides very high sound quality, it also has the disadvantage of larger file sizes. Depending on the music genre, 44.1kHz/16-bit may be sufficient.
What Beginner Beatmakers Should Focus on First
Introduction
If you are new to beatmaking, you may be unsure where to start. This article will explain the key points that beginners should focus on when they first start making beats.
Decide on the musical direction and theme
First, it’s important to decide what genre of music you want to create and what theme you want to pursue in your work. This will help define the direction of your music production and make the process smoother.
Mindset to keep in mind when first publishing your beats
When publishing your beats, it’s important to keep the following points in mind:
Don’t worry about perfection
As a beginner, it’s crucial not to get too caught up in achieving perfection. In the beginning, it will be difficult to create works that match your ideal vision due to technical inexperience. However, if you become too concerned with perfection, you may never finish your work, which defeats the purpose. First, aim to complete your work in your own way.
Don’t worry about sound quality
While using high-quality sound sources is important, beginners don’t need to obsess over sound quality. You don’t need the latest equipment or software. What matters is creating music with the equipment and software you have available. As your skills improve, the sound quality will gradually improve as well.
Don’t worry about structure
The structure of a beat is an important element in captivating listeners, but beginners don’t need to be overly concerned with it. First, try creating works with your own structure. As you create more music, you will gradually understand the importance of structure.
Don’t worry too much about the quality of individual tracks
The quality of the individual tracks that make up a beat greatly affects the overall quality of the work. However, beginners don’t need to be overly concerned with the quality of each track. First, focus on creating tracks in your own way. As your skills improve, the quality of the tracks will gradually improve as well.
Don’t worry about view counts
As a beginner, you don’t need to be overly concerned with view counts. First, focus on creating your own works. As the quality of your work improves, the view counts will gradually increase. If you become too concerned with view counts, you may neglect the actual creation of your music, which defeats the purpose.
Don’t worry about SEO
SEO is an important factor in getting your work out to many people, but beginners don’t need to be overly concerned with it. First, focus on creating your own works. You can think about SEO once your work is mostly complete. If you become too concerned with SEO, you may neglect the actual creation of your music, which defeats the purpose.
As a beginner, instead of seeking perfection, focus on creating your own works first.
Two things to do after making a beat
After making a beat, do the following two things:
Listen to it “twice” after making it, using a different device or speakers.
After finishing a beat, it’s natural to check it with your own ears, but that alone is not enough. To objectively evaluate your work, make sure to listen to it at least twice.
Listen to it on a different device
By listening to your work on different equipment than the speakers or headphones you used for production, you may find that the impression of the work changes. By checking your work in the environments where listeners typically listen to music, such as smartphones or car audio systems, you can assess the completeness of your work.
Listen to it after some time has passed
Immediately after production, you may have a strong attachment to your work, making it difficult to evaluate objectively. By stepping away from the work and listening to it again after some time has passed, you may discover new insights or ideas.
Seek feedback
There may be areas for improvement that are difficult to notice on your own. By having trusted friends or mentors listen to your work and provide feedback, you can improve the quality of your work.
Start working on the next beat
After finishing a beat, start working on the next one.
To improve your skills
Your beatmaking skills will improve with each piece you create. In your next work, aim for even greater heights by utilizing the experience gained from your previous work.
To maintain motivation
To continue beatmaking, it’s important to maintain motivation. By starting the next work, you create a new goal and can maintain motivation.
To expand your ideas
In beatmaking, ideas are important. In your next work, try a different approach than before. By incorporating new ideas, you can expand your possibilities.
Objectively evaluating your work and applying it to your next creation is essential for improving your beatmaking skills. With each piece you create, you should be able to feel your own growth.
It’s important to objectively evaluate your own work and apply it to your next creation.
7 points to keep in mind as you become more experienced
As you become more familiar with beatmaking, keep the following 7 points in mind:
Specifically envision what kind of users will listen
When making beats, it’s important to specifically envision what kind of users will listen. Consider age group, gender, preferred genres, lifestyle, etc., and clarify the target listener profile. This allows you to create beats that suit the listeners’ preferences. For example, if targeting teenage girls, incorporating trendy pop and catchy beats may be effective. On the other hand, if targeting men in their 30s, more mature sounds like hip-hop or R&B might be preferred.
Be aware of listeners’ questions/problems and how to solve them
Aim to solve listeners’ questions or problems through your beats. For example, providing beats that match listeners’ needs, such as wanting to relax, feel energized, or increase concentration, will make your beats more beloved by many. To solve listeners’ questions or problems, you need to adjust elements like the beat’s tempo, tone, and atmosphere. You can cater to listeners’ needs by adjusting beat elements, such as using a slow tempo and acoustic tones to enhance relaxation, or uptempo and energetic beats to boost energy.
Create the beat structure
Considering the structure of the beat is important to avoid boring the listener. Create a structure with each part of the beat in mind, such as intro, verse, chorus, bridge, and outro. Also, adding variation to the beat’s development can draw in the listener. It’s important to create a structure while considering the flow of the beat, such as building excitement in the hook, changing the rhythm in the break, and leaving an afterglow in the ending.
Come up with an interesting title
The title of the beat is an important element to attract listeners’ interest. Consider titles that not only express the beat’s atmosphere but also appeal to listeners’ emotions. For example, the title “Midnight Groove” evokes a moody late-night atmosphere. The title “Sunrise Melody” gives a positive and bright image, like the rising morning sun. By giving titles that stimulate listeners’ emotions, you can increase interest in the beat.
Be mindful of the beat’s catchiness
The catchiness of the beat is an important factor for staying in listeners’ memory. You can increase the catchiness of the beat by incorporating memorable melodies, rhythm patterns, hooks, etc. Simplicity is also important. Overly complex beats are harder to remember. Repeat simple and impressive phrases to increase the beat’s catchiness.
Consider monetization
Consider monetizing your beatmaking, not just as a hobby. There are various ways to monetize, such as selling beats, providing licenses, and producing. When considering monetization, be careful with copyright management. Manage sound sources appropriately by obtaining permission to use sampling materials, using copyright-free sound sources, or creating original sound sources.
Register your site with Google Analytics and Google Search Console
When creating a website to publish your beats, register it with Google Analytics and Google Search Console. Using these tools, you can analyze site views, traffic sources, search keywords, etc. Based on the analysis results, find areas for improvement on the site, implement SEO measures, and deliver your beats to more listeners. Also, understanding listener attributes and preferences can lead to creating beats that match your target audience.
By keeping these 7 points in mind when making beats, you can create beats that are loved by listeners. Standing in the listeners’ perspective and improving the quality of your beats will lead to your growth as a beatmaker.
By being mindful of these points, you can deliver your work to more listeners.
Summary
The first thing beginners should focus on in beatmaking is not seeking perfection. First, concentrate on creating works and gradually hone your skills. As you become more experienced, it’s important to create works with listeners in mind.
If you’re interested in beatmaking, definitely give it a try. It may feel difficult at first, but by steadily creating works, your skills will surely improve. The important thing is to start casually.
Why do my beats always end up sounding like me, no matter how I arrange them?
Why do my beats always end up sounding like me, no matter how I arrange them?
There are several reasons why your own style tends to come through when arranging beats, even if you try to do it differently.
1. Preferred Sounds
You may be unconsciously influenced by the genres and sounds you usually listen to, naturally gravitating towards arrangements that resemble your preferences. It’s natural to choose sounds that you like.
2. Playing Style
Your playing style and habits on your instrument can easily be reflected in your arrangements. For example, the way you handle rhythm, dynamics, and phrasing in your usual performances can manifest in your arrangements.
3. Musical Background
The music theory you’ve learned and the styles of artists who have influenced you may naturally be reflected in your arrangements. The musical background you’ve cultivated over the years is not easily changed.
4. Source of Creativity
Expressing your own style is an important aspect of music production. By showcasing your originality and unique expression, you can create one-of-a-kind pieces. That’s why your own color naturally comes through.
Your distinctive arrangements can be seen as a manifestation of your musical identity. While leveraging that, you can broaden your musical horizons by incorporating new elements and collaborating with others. It’s important to cherish your individuality while maintaining an attitude of continuous growth.