A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is a type of cyber attack where an attacker attempts to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to the internet.
In a DoS attack, the attacker typically floods the targeted system with superfluous requests to overload the system and thereby prevent legitimate requests from being fulfilled. The attack essentially works by overwhelming a system’s resources such as its CPU, memory, or network bandwidth, causing it to slow down or crash.
There’s also a variant of DoS attack known as a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. A DDoS attack is similar to a DoS attack but involves multiple compromised computers (often forming a “botnet”) to flood the targeted system with traffic. Because the attack traffic originates from many different sources, a DDoS attack is much harder to block than a single-source DoS attack.
It’s important to note that these attacks don’t typically involve a breach of security or data theft, but they can be used as a smokescreen for other malicious activities, or simply to disrupt services as a form of vandalism or protest.